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![]() | Anabaena affinis, 640X | ||
| Anabaena circinalis - Measurement unavailable. probably 400X | ||
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![]() | Anabaena flos-aquae enlarged 2500X | ||
| Anabaena "laxa" - ID for this complex is of course tenuous--see next entry. Measurement unavailable. probably 400X | ||
| Anabaena "laxa" - From the same sample as above, a few weeks later. Note that the akinete is now adjacent the heterocyst. It now keys out to Anabaena "cylindrica". 400X | ||
| Anabaena scheremetievi - 400X phase contrast | ||
| Anabaena scheremetievi - A slight hint of a sheath is visible. 400X | ||
| Anabaena scheremetievi - 400X | ||
![]() | Anabaena sphaerica, 1600X | ||
| Anabaena sphaerica - 400X | ||
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| Anabaena spiroides - The line is 20 microns. 200X | ||
| Anabaena torulosa - 400X | ||
| Anabaena torulosa - Is it Synecococcus? No, it is Anabaena torulosa akinetes. 400X | ||
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| Anabaena sp. - (Unidentified) No speculations upon the species. 400X | ||
| Anabaena sp. - (Unidentified) No speculations upon the species. 400X | ||
| Anabaena sp. - (Unidentified) No speculations upon the species. 400X | ||
| Anabaena sp. - (Unusual and contorted) Akinetes are round, so it is probably not A. circinalis. Could be A. spiroides in an unusual state. 200X. | ||
| Anabaena sp. - (Unusual and contorted) The same specimen as above at 100X. | ||
| Anabaena sp. - Probably A. scheremetievi, but akinetes were absent. A hint of a sheath is barely visible. 400X | ||
| Anabaena sp. - Probably A. circinalis, but akinetes were absent. 1000X | ||
| Anabaena sp. - Possibly A. viguieri, but the akinetes are too broad. 400X. | ||
![]() | Anabaena sp., from freshwater lake in Oregon, 100X | ||
![]() | Anabaena sp., from freshwater lake in Oregon, 100X | ||
![]() | Anabaena sp., from freshwater lake in Oregon, 200X | ||
![]() | Anabaena sp., from freshwater lake in Oregon, 100X. Note the fabulous germinating akinetes. | ||
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![]() | Anabaena sp. with symbiont bacteria (possibly Zoogloea) around heterocysts | ||
| Anabaenopsis circularis - The central pair of heterocysts is clearly visible. 200X | ||
| Anabaenopsis circularis - A developing pair of heterocysts is visible in the center of the trichome. Note the bacteria attached to it. 400X (phase contrast) | ||
| Anabaenopsis circularis - Same as above without phase contrast. 400X | ||
![]() | Anabaenopsis sp. bloom in Bedetti Lake, Santo Tome, Santa Fe, Argentina | ||
![]() | Anabaenopsis sp. bloom in Bedetti Lake, Santo Tome, Santa Fe, Argentina | ||
![]() | Anabaenopsis sp. bloom in Bedetti Lake, Santo Tome, Santa Fe, Argentina | ||
![]() | Anacystis nidulans TEM of semi-thin section (200 nm). See protocol. | ||
![]() | Anacystis nidulans TEM of semi-thin section (200 nm) See protocol. | ||
![]() | Anacystis nidulans TEM of semi-thin section (300 nm) See protocol. | ||
![]() | Anacystis nidulans TEM of semi-thin section (300 nm) See protocol. | ||
![]() | Anacystis nidulans TEM of semi-thin section (500 nm) See protocol. | ||
![]() | Anacystis nidulans TEM of semi-thin section (500 nm) See protocol. | ||
| Aphanizomenon flos-aquae - Akinetes and heterocyst clearly visible. Measurement unavailable. probably 400X | ||
| Aphanizomenon flos-aquae - Colony. Measurement unavailable. probably 100X | ||
| Aphanizomenon flos-aquae - Colony. Akinetes absent. 400X | ||
![]() | Aphanizomenon flos-aquae strain 1401/5. Autofluorescence image. | ||
![]() | Aphanizomenon flos-aquae strain 1401/5. Autofluorescence image. | ||
![]() | Aphanizomenon flos-aquae strain 1401/5. Autofluorescence image. | ||
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| Arthrospira jenneri - Cross-walls obscured by cytoplasmic granules (sorry). 400X | ||
| Beggiatoa alba - 400X | ||
| Beggiatoa alba - Cropped portion of image above at higher resolution. | ||
![]() | Bloom in waters at the Hartebeespoort dam in South Africa | ||
![]() | Bloom of Microcystis aeruginosa and Anabaena circinalis on the St. Johns River, FL | ||
![]() | Bloom of Aphanizomenon flos aquae in a lake in Surrey, UK | ||
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![]() | Bloom of Microcystis in Crescent Lake, FL | ||
![]() | Bloom in Doctor's Lake | ||
![]() | Bloom in Lake Ponchartrain, LA, an oligohaline estuary | ||
![]() | Bloom of Microcystis aeruginosa and Anabaena circinalis contaminated by a boat on the St. Johns River, FL | ||
![]() | Bloom in agricultural setting in Missouri | ||
![]() | Bloom in agricultural setting in Missouri | ||
![]() | Bloom in agricultural setting in Missouri | ||
![]() | Bloom in agricultural setting in Missouri | ||
![]() | Bloom in agricultural setting in Missouri | ||
![]() | Anabaena and Aphanizomenon - decaying scum in a Scottish freshwater lake | ||
![]() | Anabaena and Microcystis - bloom in a Scottish freshwater lake | ||
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![]() | Calothrix sp. showing terminal heterocysts | ||
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| Chloroflexus sp. - Unknown phytoplankton from a fish pond. Speculation: Chloroflexus. 400X | ||
| Chloroflexus sp. - Wider view higher resolution image of specimen above. | ||
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![]() | Collecting cyanobacteria from a large bloom | ||
![]() | Cryptozoon proliferum - from Quebec | ||
![]() | Cryptozoon proliferum - from Quebec | ||
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![]() | Cyanosarcina sp. from a pulp and paper waste-treatment system in Brazil | ||
| Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii - Heterocysts and akinetes visible. 400X | ||
![]() | Very old laboratory culture of Cyanothece sp. forms solid roof to retain moisture. | ||
![]() | Cyanothece sp. - electron micrograph showing carbohydrate granules | ||
| Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii - 400X phase contrast | ||
| Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii - Heterocyst visible. 400X | ||
| Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii - Akinetes (only) visible. 400X phase contrast | ||
| Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii - Heterocyst visible. 400X phase contrast | ||
| Cylindrospermum muscicola - 400X | ||
| Cylindrospermum muscicola - Surprise! It is not Pseudanabaena, but C. muscicola, without akinetes, but with a developing heterocyst. 400X phase contrast | ||
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![]() | Cylindrospermum sp., 1600X | ||
![]() | Cylindrospermum sp., 1600X | ||
| Eubacterium - Unidentified bacterium pays Euglena a visit. 1000X | ||
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![]() | Geitlerinema sp. from a pulp and paper waste-treatment system in Idaho | ||
![]() | Girvanella sp. in algae oncolites from the Lower Cambrian Mule Spring Limestone, Waucoba Spring, Death Valley National Park | ||
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![]() | Gloeocapsa sp. together with two algae | ||
| "Gloeotrichia" - Akinete and heterocyst clearly visible. Measurement unavailable. 400X | ||
| "Gloeotrichia" - Colony. Measurement unavailable. 100X | ||
![]() | Gloeotrichia echinulata - pinhead-size colonies in a Scottish freshwater lake | ||
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![]() | Komvophoron sp. | ||
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![]() | Lyngbya sp. showing classical sheath and terminal differentiation in the lower filament | ||
![]() | Lyngbya sp. showing formation of a coil at the end of a "hairpin" formation | ||
| Lyngbya sp. - (Unidentified) No speculations upon the species. 200X | ||
| Lyngbya sp. - (Unidentified) No speculations upon the species. Note that one has no visible sheath. 200X | ||
| Lyngbya sp. - Same specimen as above. 400X phase contrast | ||
| Lyngbya sp. - (Unidentified) Possibly birgei. 200X | ||
| Lyngbya sp. - Social gathering of the above species. 200X | ||
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![]() | Lyngbya sp., two cells are leaving the shell | ||
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![]() | Lyngbya sp. at 100 X. | ||
![]() | Mat Community Knit strings of cyanobacteria from green layer of a microbial mat from Great Sippewissett Saltmarsh, Falmouth, MA | ||
![]() | Mat Community Cross-section of a microbial mat from Great Sippewissett Saltmarsh, Falmouth, MA | ||
| Merismopedia - Colony of Merismopedia (Agmenellum [Drouet], Synechocystis Low GC cluster [Waterbury and Rippka]). 200X | ||
![]() | Merismopedia elegans, 640X | ||
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| Microcoleus sp. - One of those in the anomalous Microcoleus/Symploca/Lyngbya/Take-a-guess range. 400X | ||
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![]() | Microcystis aeruginosa enlarged 2500X | ||
![]() | Microcystis aeruginosa strain PCC 7806. Autofluorescence image. | ||
![]() | Microcystis aeruginosa strain PCC 7806. Autofluorescence image. | ||
![]() | Microcystis aeruginosa strain PCC 7806. Autofluorescence image. | ||
![]() | Microcystis aeruginosa strain PCC 7806. Autofluorescence image. | ||
![]() | Microcystis aeruginosa strain PCC 7806. Autofluorescence image. | ||
![]() | Microcystis aerogenosa strain 1450/10 in very old (6 month) stationary phase cultures imaged with autofluoresence. 1000X | ||
![]() | Microcystis aerogenosa strain 7806 in very old stationary phase cultures imaged with autofluoresence. Note transient "bright strike" feature. 1000X | ||
![]() | Microcystis aerogenosa strain 7806 in very old (100 d) stationary phase cultures imaged with phase contrast. Note multi-planar division. 1000X | ||
![]() | Microcystis aerogenosa strain 7806 in very old (100 d) stationary phase cultures imaged with phase contrast. Note narrow sheath. 1000X | ||
![]() | Microcystis aerogenosa. 100X | ||
![]() | Microcystis sp. bloom | ||
| Microcystis sp. - Becoming confluent. 200X | ||
![]() | Microcystis sp. bloom from bird's eye view | ||
![]() | Microcystis aeruginosa bloom, Lake Mokoan, Victoria, Australia. | ||
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| Microcystis sp. - Separate colonies. 200X | ||
![]() | Microcystis sp., bloom, Grandview Garden Park, Beijing | ||
| Mixture - Oscillatoria cf. chalybea, Planktothrix agardhii, and Anabaena spiroides. 200X | ||
| Mixture - Oscillatoria cf. chalybea, Planktothrix agardhii, and Arthrospira jenneri. 200X | ||
![]() | Mixture, including Thiothrix and Oscillatoria sp. | ||
![]() | Mixture, including Spirulina and Microcoleus sp. and diatoms together with Thiopediasp. | ||
![]() | Mixture of cyanobacteria from microbial mat community | ||
| Mystery Bug - Truly strange. Spirulina major inside a bundle. 400X | ||
| Mystery Bug - Unidentified filament. Is it made of diatoms, desmids, cyanobacteria, or the unknown? 400X | ||
| Mystery Bug A - Planktothrix agardhii with a swollen terminal cell. 200X. For Mystery Bugs A through E, it has been suggested that the swollen terminal cells are fungal (chytrid) fruiting bodies (sporangia) as hyphae have been observed running the length of similar trichomes. | ||
| Mystery Bug B - Planktothrix agardhii with a double swollen terminal cell. 200X. See Mystery Bug A. | ||
| Mystery Bug C - Another odd Planktothrix agardhii. 400X phase contrast. See Mystery Bug A. | ||
| Mystery Bug D - Another odd Planktothrix agardhii. 400X phase contrast. See Mystery Bug A. | ||
| Mystery Bug E - Same as above without phase contrast. 400X. See Mystery Bug A. | ||
![]() | Mystery wavy cyanobacteria | ||
![]() | Mystery cyanobacteria in a colony | ||
![]() | Mystery cyanobacteria showing vessicles | ||
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![]() | Nodularia spumigena enlarged 1250X | ||
![]() | Nodularia sp. bloom in situ from an undersea porthole in the Baltic Proper | ||
| Nostoc (Anabaena) azollae - Heterocyst clearly visible. 400X | ||
| Nostoc (Anabaena) azollae - Numerous akinetes visible. 400X | ||
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| Nostoc sp. - Possible germling. 400X | ||
| Nostoc sp. - Possible colony or is it a strange type of Anabaena spherica?. The only thing for sure is that nothing is for sure. 200X | ||
![]() | Nostoc sp., 130X | ||
![]() | Nostoc sp. at 10X | ||
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![]() | Nostochopsis sp., cell and branching | ||
![]() | Nostochopsis sp., gross structure | ||
![]() | Nostochopsis sp., detailed image | ||
![]() | Nostochopsis sp., pediellate heterocyst | ||
![]() | Nostochopsis sp., intercalary heterocyst | ||
![]() | Oscillatoria agardhii - Autofluorescence image. | ||
| Oscillatoria cf. chalybea - With Planktothrix agardhii, and possible Raphidiopsis sp. 200X | ||
| Oscillatoria "chlorina" - Quotes represent the contributor's resentment at identifying cyanobacteria using color. 400X | ||
| Oscillatoria geminata - 400X | ||
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![]() | Oscillatoria limosa, 640X | ||
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| Oscillatoria princeps - 200X | ||
| Oscillatoria princeps - 100X | ||
| Oscillatoria princeps - Social gathering with some friends. 200X | ||
| Oscillatoria splendida - 400X phase contrast | ||
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| Oscillatoria sp. - The famous "big Oscillatoria". Species not known. It may be undescribed. 200X | ||
| Oscillatoria sp. - Note the granules in the terminal cell, along with its thickened membrane. 400X | ||
| Oscillatoria sp. - With the bright light rendering its striking granules more visible. Note the spiral arrangement of the granules. 100X | ||
| Oscillatoria sp. - The same specimen as above. 200X | ||
| Oscillatoria sp. - At low magnification. 40X | ||
![]() | Oscillatoria sp. together with a Synechocystis microcolony. Note the numerous bacteria in the background. | ||
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![]() | Oscillatoria sp., 640X | ||
![]() | Oscillatoria sp., likely a hormogonium, from a pulp and paper waste-treatment system in Brazil | ||
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| Phormidium retzii - Tentative identification. 200X | ||
| Phormidium uncinatum - Tentative identification. 400X phase contrast | ||
| Phormidium uncinatum - Same as above without phase contrast. 200X | ||
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![]() | Phycobilisome diagram Each disk in the phycobilisome structure represents a hexameric aggregate, (alpha-beta)66, of a phycobiliprotein complexed with a linker protein: Phycoerythrin = red, Phycocyanin = blue, Allophycocyanin = light blue. The green elements are the two PSII reaction centers that associate with each phycobilisome. | ||
| Planktothrix (Oscillatoria) agardhii - With visible pseudovacuoles. 400X phase contrast | ||
![]() | Plankothrix agardhii - microcystin-containing bloom in a Scottish freshwater lake | ||
![]() | Plankothrix agardhii - shoreline deposit of a microcystin-containing bloom in a Scottish freshwater lake | ||
![]() | Planktothrix rubescens. 100X. | ||
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| Raphidiopsis curvata - Mixed with some straight chains that are either more Raphidiopsis or Cylndrospermopsis raciborskii without akinetes or heterocysts. 400X | ||
| Raphidiopsis curvata - Same as above with phase contrast | ||
| Raphidiopsis cf. mediterranea - Could be R. brookii. 400X | ||
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| Raphidiopsis curvata - 200X | ||
| Raphidiopsis cf. mediterranea - Pseudovacuoles clearly visible. 400X phase contrast | ||
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| Spirulina major - 400X phase contrast | ||
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![]() | Spirulina sp. (Arthrospira) culture contaminated by brown swans in South Bend, IN. | ||
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![]() | Columnar Stromatolites and Thrombolites from tidal channel at Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas | ||
![]() | Stromatolite Cross-section, columnar procaryotic stromatolite grown on Calianassa burrow. Bar = 1 cm. | ||
![]() | Stromatolite Photomicrograph, thin section of prokaryotic stromatolite showing alternating layers of dense micrite and coarse detritus. | ||
![]() | Stromatolite Photomicrograph, thin section of eukaryotic stromatolite showing undulose laminations formed by a combination of eukaryotic algal and cyanobacterial activities. | ||
![]() | Stromatolites found in Middle Proterozoic formations of the Hakatai Shale in Grand Canyon National Park. | ||
![]() | Stromatolites found in Middle Proterozoic formations of the Hakatai Shale in Grand Canyon National Park. Lens cap is 55 mm. | ||
![]() | Stromatolites found in Middle Proterozoic formations of the Hakatai Shale in Grand Canyon National Park. Lens cap is 55 mm. | ||
![]() | Stromatolites found in Middle Proterozoic formations of the Hakatai Shale in Grand Canyon National Park. | ||
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![]() | Frozen Stromatolites, Shark's Bay, Australia | ||
![]() | Frozen Stromatolites, Shark's Bay, Australia | ||
![]() | Frozen Stromatolite Mat, Shark's Bay, Australia | ||
![]() | Frozen Stromatolite, Shark's Bay, Australia | ||
![]() | Frozen Stromatolites, Shark's Bay, Australia | ||
![]() | Living Stromatolites, Salda Lake, Turkey | ||
![]() | Living Stromatolites, Salda Lake, Turkey | ||
![]() | Living Stromatolites, Salda Lake, Turkey | ||
![]() | Living Stromatolites, Salda Lake, Turkey | ||
![]() | Living Stromatolites, Salda Lake, Turkey | ||
![]() | Living Stromatolites, Salda Lake, Turkey | ||
![]() | Living Stromatolites, Salda Lake, Turkey | ||
![]() | Living Stromatolites, Salda Lake, Turkey | ||
![]() | Stromatoids, dry lake bed near Agaean Sea | ||
![]() | Stromatoids, dry lake bed near Agaean Sea | ||
![]() | Stromatoids, dry lake bed near Agaean Sea | ||
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![]() | Thrombolite Heads heavily overgrown by Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas | ||
![]() | Thrombolite of modern origin from Lee Stocking Channel, Bahamas. Bar = 1 cm. | ||
![]() | Thrombolite Photomicrograph, thin section showing boundary between micritic clot and detritus-rich sediment pocket | ||
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![]() | Trichodesmium sp., Nomarski optics, 1000X | ||
![]() | Trichodesmium sp., Nomarski optics, 1000X | ||
![]() | Trichodesmium sp., Phase contrast, 1000X | ||
![]() | Trichodesmium sp., Fluorescence optics, 1000X | ||
![]() | Trichodesmium sp., Fluorescence optics, 1000X | ||
![]() | Trichodesmium sp., Phase contrast, 1000X | ||
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Supported by Biological Sciences at Purdue University and by Wichita State University